Business Models and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Business Models and Planning - Essay Example Remarkably, VCs consider diverse factors before deciding to invest their funds in various business opportunities. There are three major factors the VCS would evaluate to ascertain the viability of the business opportunities. The factors include market size, management team and technology, as outlined by Roberts and Barley (2004). The first factor that VCs consider when investing in a new business is the management team. Regarding the management team, the VC must evaluate the ability to adapt to prevailing marketing environment. In essence, it is the ability of the business to cope with the dynamicity and complexity of the business environment. VCS would consider whether to continue with the existing marketing team or employ more workforces. The management team should consist mostly of a focused team of entrepreneurs whose primary objective is the success of the business (Roberts & Barley, 2004). The second factor that VCs consider before venturing in the new business is the ‘market’. The market is the strength of every business. Either the market is the physical location of the business or any other platform where the exchange of goods and services take place. The entrepreneur should access the market size and formulate viable marketing strategies in order to evaluate the accessibility and the possibility of expansion and developing the market niche. The penetration of the business’ products is a great factor in marketing that is the ability of the products to compete in new markets. The third critical factor considered by VCs when investing in a new market is technology. Notably, technology is a current trend in the world of business. Most business operations, today, require technology to enhance the efficiency and productivity of the company. Technology facilitates speed and accuracy in the production process. The application of the technology in various departments would enable the company to limit the chances of

Pharmacy application - Letter of Recommendation Essay

Pharmacy application - Letter of Recommendation - Essay Example Toan-Thang works well independently and always takes the initiative to research information on his patients disease processes. In the clinic, his presentations are organized, clear and concise. He shows great confidence and poise. His technical skills are complete and accurate, including all the necessary information for the task. Toan-Thang also exhibits an outstanding patient care manner. He is courteous and empathetic as he gives patients’ need priority. He quickly gains the trust of his patients and gives them the best care possible. In summary, Toan-Thangs work ethics are outstanding and he is a true leader amongst his peers. He has an extensive and well applied knowledge of disease pathphysiology and therapy management. He is well disciplined, punctual, efficient, professional and courteous. His clinical skills and analytical skills are outstanding, plus he shows great clinical judgment on every level of care. With these attribute characteristics, I strongly believe he would be a great pharmacist. I hope your program would give him a chance to reach his goal. I highly recommend Toan-Thang Vo without reservation to your pharmacy

Rewards Influence Comparison Older And Younger Management Essay

Rewards Influence Comparison Older And Younger Management Essay Abstract Due to the increasing lifespan and lower birth rates, the world is facing a new challenging era in regard to managing the labor force. Many organizations are in a process of developing new and strategic policies in retaining and motivating the aging work population. Currently, the largest working generation comprises of Baby Boomers who will retire in the following 10 to 15 year. The increasing amount of older people in the labor market causes a shift in the motivation tools that upper management of any organization makes use of. This research paper focuses on how intrinsic and extrinsic rewards influence the motivation of elderly employees in comparison to younger. Key words: aging workforce, intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, job satisfaction, job motivation, Baby Boomers generation, Xers generation, generational differences. Introduction The issues related to the global aging workforce are growing significantly in the past few years. Research shows that in the next decade, half of the world workforce will consist of above 55 year old employees (Kanfer Ackerman, 2004; Arnone, 2006; Streb, C. K, Voelpel, S. C., Leibold, M. 2008). The current aging generation of Baby Boomers consists of people who are well educated and trained but also they outnumber the following Xers generation. This fact affects the labor market and will force organizations (Arnone, 2006) to employ new strategies when meeting the expectations of their personnel. Research shows that the larger the number of elderly workers the more implications companies will face (Ng, Thomas W. H., Feldman, Daniel C., 2008). The main threats for managers in the knowledge based economies are the rising organizational costs, lack of well trained young personnel and difficulties to support the older employees (Goss, 2001). Preserving the older employees is an asset to an organization due to their knowledge and experience. To maintain and stimulate this group of people, on other hand is a difficult and costly task for the upper management. Rewards are perceived to motivate employees but little is known which type of reward most likely affects the performance of an older employee compared to a younger one (Giancola, 2008). According to Lord Farrington (2006) the retention and level of productivity of an employee is the result of how effectivelly the individual is motivated. Most of the researchers in this field focus on the factors which motivate personnel in general but age is often not taken into account. Little research has been conducted on age differences and factors that stimulate motivation (Lord Farrington, 2006). There is a substantial amount of academic literature which examines the perceived link between employees job expectations and the actual exchanged rewards in return. According to Wallace (2006) the exchanged rewards are highly correlated with job motivation. There are two main types of rewards intrinsic and extrinsic (ODriscoll, Michael P., Randall, Donna M. 1999). Both types reflect the degree of motivation of an employee. In order to improve the resource strategies, companies and researchers will have to test the relationship between employees perception of rewards, motivation and their age (Lord Farrington, 2006). It is assumed that people belonging to different work generations have also diverse rewards preferences. Therefore, the goal of this research is to investigate whether rewards that trigger job motivation among older workers are different to those that stimulate younger employees. Research gap An issue which arises from the current ageing workforce (Baby Boomers) in the world is the relatively lower percentage of younger specialists (generation X) in variety of business fields (Wallace, 2006). This fact leads to the overall shift in the organizational strategies and structures to retain older people longer on their job positions. It also implies further complications such as knowledge transfer and the retirement process of the Baby Boomers generation. Thus, successful retaining of these employees is strongly connected to motivation and rewards. There is an extensive research conducted on topics such as job motivation and job rewards. However, relatively little attention has been given to understand the impact of worker age on factors that affect worker motivation (Lord Farrington, 2006). There is a substantial empirical gap in studying the influence of aging on work motivation (Kanfer Ackerman, 2004). Job motivators differ between people from the two main working generations Baby Boomers and Xers (Wallace, 2006). The latter has a severe impact on the organizational strategies since the global workforce is ageing and there is immense necessity of retaining older people. Current literature focuses on four main topics: The effect of the global aging workforce on organizational structures and strategies The factors which stimulate job motivation Types of motivation Existing rewards and rewards systems employed by organization This paper deals with describing the effects of rewards on the job motivation in regard to the two working generations mentioned above. The research carried out focuses on the possible differences between rewards preferences of aging personnel. The nowadays average baby boomer is 55 years old while the average Xers is 38 years old. This age difference might influence the affiliation of different job rewards which stimulate the work motivation among both groups. The presented research gap leads to the following research question and conceptual model. Research question and Conceptual Model The main research question addressed in this paper is: What type of rewards influence job motivation among older employees in contract to younger? Who is considered an old and young employee? What are the main age-related working groups? What kind of rewards exists? How is motivation stimulated among employees? Which rewards stimulate the different work generations? Are there any differences between reward preferences of older and younger workers? The conceptual model describes the relationship between rewards and performance. As mentioned before, rewards create satisfaction which increases the job motivation (Herzberg F. , 1987). Rewards are seen as an independent variable and job motivation is the dependent variable. The moderator presented in this model is the age. It is argued that older and younger employees are motivated by different rewards. Consequently, age influences rewards which positively affect the job motivation. In this paper, the addressed questions are analyzed and answered by the use of a literature. Type of rewards and job motivation are further discussed and described in the literature review. By the use of this literature several hypotheses are constructed and a plan how to test these relations is presented in the methodology. Theory Aging population and workforce generations Developed countries all over the world are currently dealing with an exceptional change towards a new era of ageing work population. Research shows that the effect of aging will lead to a smaller ratio of the population being employed in the years after 2010 / 2020 (Kunà ©, 2009). In Europe, old-age dependency ratios are expected to reach 50 per cent by 2050 and the projection for the rest of the industrial countries worldwide has similar estimations (Kunà © 2009, Arnone 2006). For example, in America in 1977, 37% of the workforce was under age 30 compared with only 21% in 2002, and only 38% was 40 or older in 1977 versus 56% in 2002 (Perry, Lance S. 2010; Bond, Thompson, Galinsky, et al, 2003). Research shows that by the next two decades the aging population will double and around 80% of the Baby Boomers will remain professionally active even when they reach 65 years of age (Moberg, 2001). The projected demographic situation will create serious complications in the scope of the or ganizational polices, retirement plans, retaining personnel and knowledge transfer. Baby boomers generation comprise a large percentage of the knowledge-based labor market (those people born between 1946 and 1964) (Head, Baker, Bagwell, Moon, 2006) and since this group ages and retires it is the Xers generation (those people born between 1964 -1981) who will be expected to fill these positions (Wallace, 2006). However, this generation is much fewer in numbers than the previous generation and they are described as being more concerned about work-life balance. The most essential generation differences are related to the role that work plays in ones life (Kennedy, 2003) and as a result, Gen Xers are viewed as less loyal and committed to work, their careers and their employers compared to the Baby Boomers (Wallace, 2006). The latter generation is qualified as being open to challenges and pressure, performance driven and workaholic behavior (Lamm Meeks, 2009). On the other hand, Xers are described as the people who are creative but also like the fun and informality; Fo r them work is a complex challenge and they overcome it with demands for more free time (Lamm Meeks, 2009). Rewards and Motivation Some forty years ago, Hertzberg suggested that suggested that two types of rewards, intrinsic and extrinsic, may be used to motivate workers (Herzberg, 1966;1987). Use of rewards systems would be expected to lead to better organizational results. Later in the years, many researchers concluded that job rewards and motivation are strongly and positively related. Intrinsic rewards are those that exist in the job itself (Herzberg, 1987a). Examples are achievement, variety, challenge, autonomy, responsibility, and personal and professional growth (ODriscoll Randall, 1999; Mahaney, 2006). They also include status, recognition, praise from superiors and co-workers, personal satisfaction, and feelings of self-esteem (ODriscoll Randall, 1999). Employees are thought to be motivated to work hard to produce quality results when they have pride in their work, they enjoy their jobs, they believe their efforts are important to the success of the project, and their jobs are fun, challenging, and r ewarding (ODriscoll Randall, 1999). According to Herzberg, the job satisfaction resulting from these rewards is the source of employee motivation (Bassett-Jones, 2005). On the other hand, extrinsic rewards are external to the job itself. The comprise elements such as pay, fringe benefits, job security, promotions, private office space, and the social climate (Herzberg, 1987; ODriscoll Randall, 1999). Other examples include competitive salaries, pay raises, merit bonuses, retirement plans, and such indirect forms of payment as vacation and compensatory time off, (ODriscoll Randall, 1999). Employees are trained to be motivated to work hard to produce quality results when extrinsic rewards are present and provided because the failure to receive those rewards disappoints them. In other words, extrinsic rewards are not direct motivators but the lack of them causes people being disincentive (Herzberg F. , 1987). However, both types of rewards, intrinsic and extrinsic, have been shown to have positive effects on motivation (Wiersma, 1991). In relation to intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, motivation can be described in the same manner: intrinsic motivation shows the relationship between employees and their job itself (Hui, 2000) (Hui and Lee 2000), and is developed from the individuals perceptions and needs (Sansone Harackiewicz, 2000); and extrinsic motivation refers to the relationship between individuals and external compensations such as salary (Komaki, 1982) Rewards, motivation and age As mentioned earlier there is a limited research done on the interrelations between rewards, motivation and age. A few researchers paid more attention to this issue by discussing the different trends in the values among Baby Boomers and Xers. According to Wallace (2006), Xers value more their flexibility and autonomy to work on their own, while Boomers are strongly committed and attached to the organization they work at. Smola Sutton (2002) describe Xers as being creative and innovative, technically savvy and multi-tasking orientated, while Boomers are seen as hard workers, long office hours and loyal to their employers. Managers are concerned that Xers have a lower level of work ethics and do not find work as significant as the Boomers (Wallace, 2006). Kanfer and Ackerman, (2004) argue that younger employees are more motivated by performance-contingent incentives, such as salary and are strongly motivated by structured supervision. In contrast, older employees value the structured supervision which eliminates effort demands. Jurkiewicz (2000) states that Baby Boomers demand more benefits in regard to their retirment plans, while Xers are interested in child care support. 401(k) retirement plans are mainly employer-sponsored and boomers are stimulated by them; in contrast, Xers could not care less (Jurkiewicz, 2000). Research shows that money is seen as the main extrinsic motivator for any generation (Sansone Harackiewicz, 2000). However, only money is not enough for most of the employees. Other age related differences in motivating employees is the example that Boomers are genuinely more concerned with their quality of time than money and Xers are willing to trade their financial benefits for more leisure time (Jurkiewicz, 2000). Yet, according to Jurkiewicz (2000), younger adults are more concerned about financial compensation than the older workers. According to Giancola (2008), there are most-valued rewards at work for each age group. Baby Boomers for instance, consider flexible retirement plans and assistance, job training and sabbaticals as the most valued rewards (Giancola, 2008). In comparison, Xers find rewards such as flexible working arrangements, skills development, real-time feedback, work-life balance and tangible, immediate rewards as the most important motivators. In addition, Reynolds (2005) argues that management stimulates Boomers by creating a sense that they are needed in the organization and that their contribution is of a vital importance. Xers, are inspired by direct feedback as stating that results are imporant, not the actual time spent on a task; or indications of how well they perform and what skills they can develop (Reynolds, 2005 ). Based on the current literature findings the following hypotheses are generated: H1: There is a significate relationship between employees age and reward preferences. H2: There is a significant difference in the importance of types of job rewards for what? between younger and older knowledge workers. H3: Intrinsic rewards are more strongly related to job motivation for Xers generation compared to Baby Boomers. H4: There is no difference in the level of job motivation between younger and older workers in their current jobs. I would skip this one, and concentrate on the relations between varaibels and not go into descriptions of situations H5: Satisfaction obtained from each reward is the same for Xers as it is for Boomers. In relation to H5 but also a more general remark: there is a difference between satisfaction and motivation. Your model is focusing on motivation, stick with that. Moreover, the relation between satisfaction and motivation is not clear. Some research states that they are positively related with satisfaction leiding up to motivation, some research indicates a relationship that is reverse, and some research states that they are negatively related with a higher dissatisfaction leading up to a higher motivation to act. Methodology The primary method to obtain information and insight regarding job rewards, motivation and older employees is by using secondary data. This data is collected from articles published in academic journals. The main research engine used to collect data is Business Source Premium. The information extracted from the literature found will be applied in constructing surveys and interviews. Please make a concrete plan to collect and analyse primary data with: questionnaire items and scales to measure the variables (stated all explicitly in an appendix), an indication of the sample (number of respondents and how the sample is determined), a description of the statistical analytical techniques that will be used. Parts you already have stated here but add and elaborate when necessary. These tools will be used to collect primary data. A sample of 150 well will be taken across different organization across West European countries. No random sampling will be used, due to the specific of the measur ement criteria. The companies which are meant to participate in this research should employ people from two main age groups and with no less than 50 employees. The age groups consist of employees between 29 and 46 (generation X) and 47+ (Baby Boomers) years of age. The reason why 47 is limitation age is because the youngest Baby Boomers at the moment are 47 years old. The selection of employees will not be random and there will be an equal distribution between participants who belong to either of the mentioned aged groups. These boundaries are set so that motivation versus rewards can be investigated where people have multiple hierarchical levels, age diversity and where decision making is done by more than one person. The reason why well educated people are the primary focus of this research is because skilled jobs are more jeopardized by the aging workforce. Thus, a loss of experienced and well educated employees will occur in the future. The participants in the undertaken research will be either surveyed or interviewed. The time limit for performing these actions will be between four to six months. It is assumed that this is a sufficient time to collect the data. The opinions gathered will be from members of both age groups so that comparison can be made. The survey will consist of open and close ended questions. The purpose of that is to collect ordinal and ratio data which will allow the researcher to perform future correlation and regression analysis. The program used to analyze the data will be SPSS. The last step of this research will be to use both primary and secondary data. This information will allow the researcher to analyze and summarize all the findings. These findings will be included in the Findings and Analysis chapter. The latter will be used to draw conclusions and recommendations. Findings and Analysis This chapter deals with the outcomes of the primary research. Conclusion This chapter presents all the results and conclusions drawn from the literature and primary research. Discussion This chapter describes any additional questions that can be research in the future.

The Count of Monte Cristo :: essays research papers

The Count of Monte Cristo Journal In the beginning of the book The Count of Monte Cristo we meet Edmond Dantà ¨s; he comes across as a model of honesty, ability, and innocence. â€Å"He was a fine tall, slim young fellow, with black eyes, and hair as dark as a ravens wing; and his whole appearance bespoke that calmness and resolution peculiar to men accustomed from their cradle to contend with danger (pg 4).† Regardless of his youth, he is a useful leader to his sailors. He was also very devoted to his father and fiancà ©e. Dantes was capable of looking into the good side of the people that disliked him like Danglars â€Å"a man of twenty-five or twenty –six†¦of unprepossessing countenance, obsequious to his superiors, insolent to his inferiors (pg6),† Caderousse â€Å"a man of twenty-five or twenty-six years of age (pg17),† and Fernand â€Å"tall, strapping, black eyed Catalan, with a red complexion, brown skin, and fierce air (pg21).†Even thought they were mean to Dantes he always treated them fairly and civilly Alexander Dumas shows us that when Morrel asks Dantà ¨s to evaluate Danglars’s work on the ship, Dantà ¨s could easily ruin his enemy’s career with a mean word but he chooses to put aside his personal feelings and honestly evaluates Danglars on a professional level. â€Å"If you mean as a responsible agent that you ask me the question, I believe there is nothing to say against him, and that you will be content with the way in which he has performed his duty (pg12).† Similarly, rather than reproach Caderousse for mistreating his father, Dantà ¨s politely welcomes him into his home and offers to lend him money. Dantà ¨s even manages to control his will toward Fernand, his rival for Mercà ©dà ¨s feelings. Dantà ¨s is loyal to those he loves and sees the best in those who are flawed. While Dantà ¨s sits atop the pedestal of honesty and generosity, his three enemies could not be further from it. Unaware of Dantà ¨sâ₠¬â„¢s kindness and tolerance, they have convinced themselves that he is very mean. When Dantà ¨s takes pride in his good luck, the other men feel injury to their own egos. There are only two enemies of Dantes, Caderousse and Danglars, actually dislike Dantà ¨s at this point; Fernand’s hatred of Dantà ¨s, by contrast, does not stem from any will of Dantà ¨s’s character. Fernand simply dislikes Dantà ¨s because he is the main obstacle to his own happiness with Mercedes. The Count of Monte Cristo :: essays research papers The Count of Monte Cristo Journal In the beginning of the book The Count of Monte Cristo we meet Edmond Dantà ¨s; he comes across as a model of honesty, ability, and innocence. â€Å"He was a fine tall, slim young fellow, with black eyes, and hair as dark as a ravens wing; and his whole appearance bespoke that calmness and resolution peculiar to men accustomed from their cradle to contend with danger (pg 4).† Regardless of his youth, he is a useful leader to his sailors. He was also very devoted to his father and fiancà ©e. Dantes was capable of looking into the good side of the people that disliked him like Danglars â€Å"a man of twenty-five or twenty –six†¦of unprepossessing countenance, obsequious to his superiors, insolent to his inferiors (pg6),† Caderousse â€Å"a man of twenty-five or twenty-six years of age (pg17),† and Fernand â€Å"tall, strapping, black eyed Catalan, with a red complexion, brown skin, and fierce air (pg21).†Even thought they were mean to Dantes he always treated them fairly and civilly Alexander Dumas shows us that when Morrel asks Dantà ¨s to evaluate Danglars’s work on the ship, Dantà ¨s could easily ruin his enemy’s career with a mean word but he chooses to put aside his personal feelings and honestly evaluates Danglars on a professional level. â€Å"If you mean as a responsible agent that you ask me the question, I believe there is nothing to say against him, and that you will be content with the way in which he has performed his duty (pg12).† Similarly, rather than reproach Caderousse for mistreating his father, Dantà ¨s politely welcomes him into his home and offers to lend him money. Dantà ¨s even manages to control his will toward Fernand, his rival for Mercà ©dà ¨s feelings. Dantà ¨s is loyal to those he loves and sees the best in those who are flawed. While Dantà ¨s sits atop the pedestal of honesty and generosity, his three enemies could not be further from it. Unaware of Dantà ¨sâ₠¬â„¢s kindness and tolerance, they have convinced themselves that he is very mean. When Dantà ¨s takes pride in his good luck, the other men feel injury to their own egos. There are only two enemies of Dantes, Caderousse and Danglars, actually dislike Dantà ¨s at this point; Fernand’s hatred of Dantà ¨s, by contrast, does not stem from any will of Dantà ¨s’s character. Fernand simply dislikes Dantà ¨s because he is the main obstacle to his own happiness with Mercedes.

Running Away

That night, she peered at me with eyes that was hanging out of her sockets and then said quietly that i could stay at her house. We strolled along the windey road waiting to see any of our other friends from school we saw a few but no one we wanted to hang around with; i was cold and so was Sarah we decided to go home we walked for miles †¦ well it seemed like miles my legs were aching and my back was killing i had shooting pains right from the top all the way to the bottom! We got to Sarah's house and to our amazment Sarah's mum wasn't in we decided to make a comfy spot for us to sit while her mum came home †¦ it was like we had been sat there for hours in the background we could hear the church bells ringing we listened carefully to hear each chime we counted the chimes; something didn't add up right both of us counted 10 chimes we starred at each other for at least 30 seconds we were amaized †¦ Sarah said in a quiet voice † where's my mum im getting scared?† I thought to my self i know the feeling †¦we sat there a while longer to see if she turned up when we could hear a rumbling noise from the drain pipe †¦ it was like someone was in the house †¦Sarah knew there couldnt have been anyone in the house because when she tried the door earlier it wouldnt open! I was so scared We sat there a little longer; I couldn't feel my feet and the end of my fingers were numb. I couldn't believe how long we had been out for. â€Å"Do you have any sweets, my blood sugar is going down† I searched my pockets and my bag I had nothing † I haven't got anything im sorry† I whispered in a shivery voice. Sarah had diabetes and couldn't go for very long with out food, I looked at Sarah she appeared tired and gloomy I thought she might be upset with me â€Å"Sarah† I said quietly â€Å"are you upset with me† she didn't answer I turned around and asked her again Sarah had passed out. NOW I WAS FRIGHTENED. I was alone; I rummaged through my bag and found one sweet. A deep red aniseed ball, I looked at Sarah. I knew she needed it more than me, so I sat her up against the wall and placed the aniseed ball on her tongue. Nothing happened†¦after a few seconds her eyes started to flutter â€Å"mum† Sarah called out, â€Å"Sarah its me, im here, are you ok?† she mumbled a few words I couldn't make out what she was trying to say. I asked her to repeat the what she said â€Å"the foot mat in front of the garage, there is a key for the front door† I ran to the garage lifted the mat and there was a key I picked it up and scrambled back. We stood up slowly put the key in the door and turned it, we walked in slowly. Sarah looked into the living room and started screaming†¦ I turned not knowing what I was going to see and Sarah's mum was slumped in the chair alone. She had passed away†¦

Expectation About the Internet Technology and Web Design

My Expectation about The Internet Technology and Web Designing Nowadays, Internet technology and web designing spread so fast. Most people today use the internet in order to acces any information they needed. computers are the most influential tools in our lives, they are our present and futureSo do I. I am very interested in this matter. From an early age I’ve always been deeply interested in computing. It was my dad, introducing me to the computer systems at his work place that first sparked this interest. I can always remember the feeling of wanting to know just how computers worked, why they worked and what else they could do.This interest never left me, only growing more profound and passionate with every new discovery I made. From communicating with an artificial intelligence to seeing the wonders of the Internet for the first time, computers have left me fascinated with just how much power yet mystery they hold. I took this course because I really want to learn more abo ut the internet technologies and web designing. I want to have my own website. I think that this subject is going to be hard because we have to know the coding to create a certain web page.I think the coding is like (HTML) Hypertext Markup Language  used to tell a browser how to present information or C++. But I am not worry much about this, because my lecturer will be teaching me and of course she will make me understand about this subject. She’s an expert in internet and web designing I will learn and focus on this subject so that it can help me to developed more on this subject in the future. I hope after I learning this subject, I could make and have my own web site. I will try my best to score an ‘A’ in this subject. InsyaAllah.

The eNotes Blog Are You Right or LeftBrained

Are You Right or LeftBrained Ah, the secret life of the human brain. Its hard to imagine that something that exists inside of each of us, that governs our every waking moment (and every sleeping moment for that matter), can be too complex for us to completely understandmore mysterious than the depths of the deepest ocean. In just one second, for instance, our brains can form one million new connections. One million. To keep up with everything your brain does, well, youd need another brain. One aspect of the brain that has always perplexed me is the concept of the left vs right brain. There is a persistent idea that the world is divided into left-brained and right-brained peoplethe former latching onto logic and analytical thinking, the latter made up of loosey-goosey, emotionally intuitive types. Throughout our lives, many of us purport to be either one or the otheran identity that is forged and enforced in school. Students proficient in Math and Science will adopt the idea that they are left-brainers, while those most skilled in Arts will identify themselves as right-brainers. But if youre not certain yet as to whether you are right or left brained, well, theres an infographic for that: Its interesting how this infographic ties in to information that is already quite commonplace. The idea, for example, that left-handed people possess greater creativity (given the fact that the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body). I had thought this idea was simply an old-wives tale. It turns out, this is only slightly the case Right-Brain, Left-Brain Theory was actually formed as a result of neuropsychologist Roger W. Sperrys work with epileptic patients. His treatment for epilepsy involved severing the corpus collosum (the membrane that separates the halves of the brain). This effectively reduced a patients number of seizures, but drastically affected other aspects of their lives: Many split-brain patients found themselves unable to name objects that were processed by the right side of the brain, but were able to name objects that were processed by the left-side of the brain. Based on this information, Sperry suggested that language was controlled by the left-side of the brain. (Source) So, it is true that each side of the brain is better able to handle certain tasks. It is simply the theory itself that is over-generalized when speaking of individuals. While the right brain may be better suited to expressing and reading emotions, recognizing faces, and creativity, and the left may focus more on language, logic, and numbers, it is really how the halves of your brain work in unison that makes up the type of learner and thinker that you are. All Mathies are not entirely left-brained, and all creative types are not completely right-brainedsomething that may make you feel better when you find, like I did, that your apparently dominant side doesnt describe what you feel you are truly best at. (Numbers? Who, me) That being said, there is some use for dominance theory in curating good study habits. Understanding your strengths and weaknesses in certain areas can help you develop better ways to learn and study. For example, students who have a difficult time following verbal instructions (often cited as a right-brain characteristic) can benefit from writing down directions and developing better organizational skills. In particular, I can recall a mnemonic that worked well for me all the way back when I was preparing for my AP Psychology exama rhyme centering around numbers that helped me to memorize Eriksons eight stages of development. Maybe I have always been numbers-oriented after all? So, after identifying from the graphic above whether you are   left or right brained, here are some tips to help you learn and study most efficiently: Left Brain Dominant: To Do lists will work well for you, and youre probably already an expert at them! You might find that youre more partial to non-fiction reading You probably work better alone than in a group. If you must be in a group, volunteer as leader Take advantage of your organizational skills in taking notes and scheduling Push yourself to take risks! They can pay off Right Brain Dominant: Youll excel in essays, more so than on factual, T/F-type questions You probably dont always read directions carefullymake that a priority Use images and charts in your studies Use your imagination and creativity to its fullest on all projects Organize your thoughts by getting them down on paper Are you left brain or right brain dominant? Take the test to find out! And if you have any study tips to help others with your learning type, wed love to hear them in a comment!

Samuel OReilly Invented the Tattoo Machine

Samuel OReilly Invented the Tattoo Machine More and more people are getting tattoos today, and they do not carry the same social stigma that they used to. But we didnt always use the tattoo machines that you see in your standard parlor. History and Patenting The electric tattooing machine was officially patented on Dec. 8th, 1891 by  a New York tattoo artist named Samuel OReilly. But even O’Reilly would be the first to admit that his invention was really an adaptation of a machine invented by Thomas Edison- the Autographic Printing Pen. O’Reilly witnessed a demonstration of the electric pen, a sort of writing drill that Edison had built to allow documents to be etched into stencils and then copied. The electric pen was a failure. The tattooing machine was an unqualified, worldwide smash. How it Works O’Reilly’s tattoo machine worked by using a hollow needle filled with permanent ink. An electric motor powered the needle in and out of the skin at a rate of up to 50 punctures per second. The tattoo needle inserted a small drop of ink below the surface of the skin each time. The original machine patent allowed for different sized needles deliver varying amounts of ink, a very design-focused consideration. Before O’Reilly’s innovation, tattoos- the word comes from the Tahitian word â€Å"tatu† which means to mark something- were much harder to make. Tattoo artists worked by hand, perforating the skin perhaps three times a second as they installed their designs. O’Reilly’s machine with its 50 perforations per second was an enormous improvement in efficiency. Further enhancements and refinements to the tattoo machine have been made and the modern tattooing device is now capable of delivering 3,000 punctures per minute.

Analysis of Barbara Kruger

Analysis of Barbara Kruger For this short essay writing I get an example of single contemporary artist Barbara Kruger. Barbara Kruger is an American conceptual artist. A lot of her effort consists of black and white photographs overlaid with declarative captions-in white-on-red Futura Bold Oblique. The phrases in her works frequently consist of use of pronouns such as â€Å"you†, â€Å"your†, â€Å"I†, â€Å"we†, and â€Å"they†. I begin my essay with the retort how Barbara Kruger be considered illustrative of Baudrillard’s or Barthes’ theories. Postmodernism was born out of a response in opposition to the policy of Modernism. Most particularly, Postmodern artists discarded the Modernist obsession with the aesthetic and began by questioning the recognized qualities tied to this aesthetic. As the Postmodern movement progressed, this critique intensified and moved beyond simply formal concerns; artists also began criticizing many underlying notions of Modernism, together with ideas about creativity and authority. Simultaneously, French philosophers Roland Barthes and Jean Baudrillard introduced theories concerning the rising artistic practices of appropriation and simulation. Barthes, in his elaboration on the theory of appropriation, described principles and practices that a lot of artists were employing in their critiques on Modernism. The work of American artist Barbara Kruger gives the most powerful embodiment of Barthes’ theories of appropriation. Roland Barthes, in his 1967 essay â€Å"The Death of the Author,† stripped mutually authority and authorship from artists and writers, declaring, â€Å"A text is not a line of words releasing a single ‘theological’ meaning (the ‘message’ of the Author-God), but a multi-dimensional space in which a variety of writings, none of them new, blend and collide.† This theory not only described the postmodern artistic practices of the time, but it undermi ned Modernism’s lofty goals and claims of creating original artwork. According to Barthes, no author or artist creates something new and unique. Instead, every formed thing is a recycled regurgitation of that which preceded it. As Postmodernism continued to develop, many artists not only acknowledged Barthes’s denouncement of originality but also embraced it as a means through which to further critique the works and tenets of Modernism. These artists favored the readymade object as more powerful than the supposedly new crafted objects shaped by Modernist artists. By openly acknowledging the process of appropriation that occurs within the manufacture of all art, these artists leveraged the power of pre-existing imagery and signs to produce â€Å"new† works with multiple layers and multiple meanings. Barbara Kruger began her career as a graphic designer and commercial artist for publications and magazines such as Mademoiselle. Her work as a postmodern artist began to garner attention in the early 1980s; about fifteen years later than Barthes published â€Å"The Death of the Author.† Kruger’s experience in the profitable design world greatly influenced her work both officially and philosophically. She embraced both the imagery and language of advertising, combining black and white photographs with ambiguous but accusatory statements in collage-like presentations. But she concurrently rejected the philosophies of commercial advertising and the majority, by raising questions concerning gender equality, consumerism, and stereotypes.

Mean Girls - Film Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mean Girls - Film Review - Essay Example This is a very accurate representation of life in high school and the various status among students: Cady Heron, the new girl, who has always home schooled and does not have a clue about labels, who lacks malice, and her struggle for acceptance, going to the extreme of loosing her own essence because she is in "no position to pass on friends," The "In" girl; Regina George who also happens to be the meanest girl in school, and yet her approval means everything, to the point of one thrilled girl saying "She once punched me in the face, it was awesome!" Gretchen Wieners and Karen Smith, the Barbie doll duo who follow and mimic the Queen bee blindly in spite of her rudeness because it would be social suicide not belonging to this group, and so, old camaraderie turns to foot-kissing worship, Aaron Samuels, the hot athlete who unaware of it, triggers a psychological warfare that escalates to the whole female alumnae, Damian and Janis, the "out crowd" with their own revenge agenda, but over all good kids, in spite of their gay and punk stereotype, the unfriendly black "hotties," the Asian nerds, the "girls who eat their feelings," the bulimics who don't eat at all, the varsity jocks, the foreign student math wiz, the disgusting kid and the cool smart teacher, Ms. Norbury, who brings everything back to perspective. Adolescence is the most shocking moment in human development; physical, cognitive and psychosocial changes happen in such fast pace and insufficient time that only years after we are able to digest them and adapt.

The Discrimination in Employment based on Age Essay

The Discrimination in Employment based on Age - Essay Example An important aspect of the political, economic and social programmes of the member states of the European Union is full citizenship for all citizens of the Union regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, religious beliefs or other potentially discriminatory factors. The effects of chronological age - defined in social terms in relation to an individual's chosen or forced behaviour on the grounds of age - has been an issue of political, economic and social relevance since the implementation of the First Action Programme on Ageing, and culminates provisionally with the European Employment Directive (2000/78/EC). Legislation outlawing age discrimination in employment and vocational training has will thus come into force by this year 2006.in the European Union come into force by 2006 at the latest. UK government policy aims to encourage older people to remain active within the workforce. This is in part recognition of the rise in longevity and the importance of living a healthy active contribut ory later life, but it is also to compensate for the potentially large take-up of pension benefits in the future. Saving throughout the life course and working later in life is also seen as a means of ensuring a satisfactory level of income in old age. Employers both directly and indirectly encourage however there is evidence that early withdrawal from the labour market through age discrimination. Age discrimination occurs when someone makes or sees a distinction on the basis of because of another person's age and uses this as a basis for prejudice against and unfair treatment of the person. Across the Europe there is thus evidence that age is taken into account in recruitment policies at both ends of the age range; i. iIncreasing numbers of workers are obliged or persuaded to leave the workplace 5-15 years before the state pension age; eii. Early exit is decided on the grounds of age rather than on performance and abilities and skills needsrequirements; iii. eEarly exit for persons aged over 50 years is equivalent to permanent exit; iv. tThere is widespread employers' practice of targeting older workers for job losses. The types of discrimination to be addressed are dDirect discrimination (less favourable treatment).

Reading response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 31

Reading response - Essay Example The criticism and the deep analysis of the subversive black comedy that follows increases my knowledge and confirms my desire to follow up the art further. It further reminded me of an instance some years back when a colleague was greatly against my choice of favorite African art and drama. I was however on the verge of losing the argument. This was simply because even though I felt that the art was my favorite, I did not have any facts or historical information about it. Her opinion challenged me to research and discover my field to some length. This meant that the next time a similar argument arose, I was ready to challenge her back and convince her of my stand and opinion as not far-fetched. The mention of a number of artists who were the origin and the founders of the subversive black comedy creates in me a perception that the author is indeed an authority in the field. It amazes me how the author clinically articulates and relates the reasons for the origin of the art and its progress to the perception that it creates among people and how most misinformed people today perceive it negative. It is particularly satisfying to me when the author analytically brings out the relationship between the controversial novel, â€Å"Black no More† by George Schuyler with the African American comedy development. The flashback to the times and actions of artists and comedians such as Gregory, who in my own opinion was properly using humor to communicate the evils of racial segregation in America, is very satisfying. Humor, as noted from the reading is an easier way of communicating issues that seem rather painful without having to create the pain. Looking more closely at the reading, therefore, I believe that there are a number of observation that make the reading worth the space and time. First, the author’s command of art and historical perspective of Subversive Black Comedy is amazing. It is

The Internet Revolutionized Traditional Methods Research Paper

The Internet Revolutionized Traditional Methods - Research Paper Example It may also be automated, in that an avatar or some other form of artificial intelligence guides the user through the system, giving responses based on their specific need. The exponential growth of social networking sites has also led to companies establishing their presence on sites such as Facebook and Twitter in a bid to reach more people. Internet-savvy people are therefore able to get rapid responses to their problems through companies’ online support. Online blogs and forums are another networking option where companies can engage with their clients. Customers can also interact with other users, learn from them, obtain solutions to their problems and gauge the quality of services offered. The internet is thus changing the way companies relate to their clients and bringing customers together. The quality of online support of two major companies is discussed below: The Apple online customer support department is easily accessible on its homepage. The placement of the link on the homepage was a plus because it not only made it easier for customers seeking help but also made visitors to the Apple website aware of this service. The online customer support landing page contains a variety of options. Users click on the icon depicting the product they need help with. Icons depicting products include; Mac, iPod, iPhone, iPad, and iTunes. Clicking an icon leads to a support page with detailed information about the product. If the pre-recorded information fails to satisfy the customer’s requirements, there is a contact support button that a customer can use to get in touch with the Apple technical support staff. The customer is required to input their hardware serial number to access the support staff. Though an effective security measure, it may inconvenience a customer who is unaware of their serial number or not physically close to their produ ct at the moment.

Create your own assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Create your own assignment - Essay Example Use of their way of life (culture) and gender helps to give a reader an overview of traditional Igbo life and folkways that are seldom differentiated in European novels about Africa. Igbo society was a communitarian rather than individualistic tribe and its rituals and festivals were a means of fostering that community life.One of the Igbo cultures was the division between what is feminine and masculine varying from chores to crime. There were female crimes, those committed inadvertently, and there were male crimes. For example, Okonkwo’s killing of Ezeudu’s son as a result of an accidental gunshot was considered a female crime that was punishable by seven years of exile in his motherhood. If he had committed a male crime, Okonkwo’s punishment would have been permanent exile or death by hanging. The society of the Igbo was dominated by men that symbolizing power and control in the society. For example, due to their power and control, men were allowed to have multiple wives as one sign of maintaining status in the clan. The more the women a man had, the higher the rank he was placed in the society. Additionally, women were required to live st rictly according to Igbo customs. They were characterized by generosity and supportive of each other and each other’s children. It was also their culture that leadership was to be exclusively dominated by men while the women were supposed to be obedient to every man not only her husband. This expresses inferiority of women in the society as there were just there to follow orders from men without questioning. Igbo people were strongly bonded to their culture to an extent that even the arrival of the missionaries, they did not want to abandon their culture for the white man’s culture. The men were there to be first rebellious of the white man’s culture that claimed equality between man and woman, but the man was very stubborn

Expanding into Switzerland Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Expanding into Switzerland - Case Study Example There is also the risk that retaining employees will be difficult, creating higher turnover costs and training issues, when employees seek other opportunities with better benefits or salary. Career management becomes an issue when training must be ongoing to fill positions that are constantly being vacated by employees who leave the business because there is such a high volume of job opportunities in the external job market. There is also the possibility that child care needs will require flexible schedules which could interrupt productivity or normal business operations with the United States as the home country of operations. Question 2 Switzerland is an individualistic culture, meaning that they value self-expression and independence (Blodgett, Bakir & Rose, 2008). The business might have to decentralize its operations and management as a means to ensure that employees stay once they have been selected for employment. On Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions framework, Switzerland ranks 68 against a world average of only 43 on individualism needs (Hofstede, 2009). This means that group-oriented policies and procedures that build a family-type of culture or teamwork might not have success in recruiting or retention. This could mean developing more individual programs for development in human resources, such as individual coaching or mentoring. â€Å"Great companies rely heavily on their cultures to support change management efforts† (Want, 2009, p.10). The business might have to develop more individualistic coaching to give effective feedback and assessment regarding performance in order to build a strong culture. At the same time, Switzerland has a low uncertainty avoidance measurement on Hofstede’s scale, which means that the population is more â€Å"accepting of unique and unusual situations and ideas, with greater tolerance of divergent points of view† (Hofstede, 2009, p.2; Donnison, 2008). This has advantages for launching new develo pment programs to address the challenges for this expansion project. For example, development of in-house work-hour child care services to help educated mothers in their job role would likely be accepted. Flexible working hours or telecommuting (work at home) would probably meet with little change resistance and be accepted by this individualistic culture. Question 3 A potential solution to the challenge of labor shortages is to transfer expatriate managers and employees from the United States. Expatriates can be trained on Swiss culture and lifestyle so they can be ready for transfer with the option for short- or long-term job contracts. This would give the new Swiss division more home country expertise and also ensure that there is not a staffing shortage. By recruiting dedicated and high-performing managers and employees overseas, it will lessen the likelihood of high turnover rates and costs. Mentoring that comes with intensive training packages can also support new HR policies in Switzerland. â€Å"Training that offers employees benefits that are perceived as non-transferable to another organization makes it too costly to leave† (Bambacas & Bordia, 2009, p.225). Innovative companies are usually the ones that succeed and have the most competitive human capital, therefore internal promotions about the benefits of new training could reduce long-term turnover rates. For example, job rotation training for multi-skill development could be promoted in recruitment

Create your own assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Create your own assignment - Essay Example Use of their way of life (culture) and gender helps to give a reader an overview of traditional Igbo life and folkways that are seldom differentiated in European novels about Africa. Igbo society was a communitarian rather than individualistic tribe and its rituals and festivals were a means of fostering that community life.One of the Igbo cultures was the division between what is feminine and masculine varying from chores to crime. There were female crimes, those committed inadvertently, and there were male crimes. For example, Okonkwo’s killing of Ezeudu’s son as a result of an accidental gunshot was considered a female crime that was punishable by seven years of exile in his motherhood. If he had committed a male crime, Okonkwo’s punishment would have been permanent exile or death by hanging. The society of the Igbo was dominated by men that symbolizing power and control in the society. For example, due to their power and control, men were allowed to have multiple wives as one sign of maintaining status in the clan. The more the women a man had, the higher the rank he was placed in the society. Additionally, women were required to live st rictly according to Igbo customs. They were characterized by generosity and supportive of each other and each other’s children. It was also their culture that leadership was to be exclusively dominated by men while the women were supposed to be obedient to every man not only her husband. This expresses inferiority of women in the society as there were just there to follow orders from men without questioning. Igbo people were strongly bonded to their culture to an extent that even the arrival of the missionaries, they did not want to abandon their culture for the white man’s culture. The men were there to be first rebellious of the white man’s culture that claimed equality between man and woman, but the man was very stubborn

Income Tax and Deductions Essay Example for Free

Income Tax and Deductions Essay Tax avoidance is legal in most states and every tax payer will present his returns in a way which reduces tax burden the most. Thus a taxpayer will opt for either standard deduction or itemized deduction whichever will enable him shoulder less tax burden. For standard deduction the deduction from taxable amount is a standard amount. For example for a single citizen the standard amount is $5,350. For married couples filling jointly the standard deduction will be double for the single ($10,700) but for a married couples filing separately each will be allowed a standard amount like for a single person it is ,350. A qualifying widow(er) with dependant child will be treated the same way a married couple filing jointly. For the head of household whether a woman or a man the deduction will be $7,850. Itemized deduction is enjoyed by adjusting your spending behavior to spend more on the items which enjoy tax privileges. Similarly one can claim dependant from a qualifying child or relative which has tax benefits such as the Child Tax Credit, the Child and Dependant Care Credit as well as the Earned Income Credit. These all work to the advantage of the tax payer. The standard deduction for a dependant is the higher of $850 and the dependants earned income plus $300 provided it does not exceed the standard deduction of the filing taxpayer. However in some instances the treatment gives some taxpayers unfair advantage over others. For instance a parent can claim a qualifying child but don’t claim the child as his/hers. Thus another parent can claim dependant deduction from the same child provided the AGI of the person higher than the highest AGI (Adjusted Gross Income) of the two parents. This can be misused by the taxpayers who have higher AGI than other parent thus enjoying unfair tax advantage.

Developing a Healthy Relationship after Abusive Relationship

Developing a Healthy Relationship after Abusive Relationship The available evidence in this review suggested that in (2003), it was projected 1.3 million females in the U. S. were targets of offensive relations (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2003; National Institute of Justice, 2005; Tjaden Thoennes, 2000). Sources indicate that psychological health specialists play a serious part in the curative procedure after being in domestic violence relationships (Bryant, 2013). Based on this analysis, the examiner suggested that psychological health specialists must be prepared and experienced to move maltreated females from being sufferers to fighters learning to live a life without aggression (Graham-Bermann et al., 2009). For example, close contact occurs when individuals share significance or co-create appreciation, and can establish their behaviors to echo their combined significance (Blow, 2009). Blow, (2009) proposed that strong domestic affiliation support systems are significant to uphold ones mind. Taylor, (2016) proposed that communal backing is connected to excellent health and happiness in that it can be comprehended as being both precautionary and beneficial. The collected works demonstrates that surviving is a significant perception in accepting the connection between (IPV) occurrence and psychological wellbeing (Calvete et al., 2010; Krause et al., 2010; Lee, Pomeroy, Bohman, 2009). Current collected works shows that managing does not only affect the IPV, but also effects IPV fighters psychological wellbeing (Calvete et al., 2008; Krause et al., 2008; Lee et al., 2007; Clements Sawhney, 2000; Kocot Goodman, 2003). Many people wedged by DV (Humphreys, 2003) have been able to become strong and unwavering conducts in the face of very demanding surroundings (Linley Joseph, 2004), according to pliability investigations. As Per Warner (2004), he noted that struggling can be a kind of direction to help women as in resilience to help create a new free from aggression life story. The goal of this research is to listen to the females verbiage about their occurrences acquiring a wholesome connection. This research falls into the Capella program of research under the category of advocacy across the lifespan. The findings from this study can be used to advocate for battered women for more direct service, and intervention that can be recognized to help intimate partner or domestic violence survivors. Women survivors of abusive relationships learning to develop healthy relationships. SECTION 1.2 The examination collected works show that rates of (IPV) are above normal, and rates of individuals looking for help for their problems are below average (Flemming, 2016). Brosi, 2004; Hays et al., (2010) suggested that the available evidence seems to inform us that women that are being abused obtain various pressures such as developing self-assurance in a new relationship, surely it be with a male or female friends, or with a new counselor. What we do realize is that by directing DV fighters in assisting them to deal with their previous situation by joining treatment approaches to better help them comprehend the method, and occurrences of maltreated females. It will assist them to acquire other abilities, and viewpoints about themselves, and their establishing a locale for them to grow (Paulina, 2015). We understand that sufferers of forceful attacks may encounter disruptions in confidence and/or self-competence, as well as anxiety/evasion, emotional constriction, and sensual dysfunction (Koss, 2000). We also realize that Self-efficacy (Bandura, 1977; 1982) in abused females have a tendency to be important to females willingness for change. Also, Tirone, (2014) proposed that empowerment in an planning of getting unique provisions, and feelings of self-efficacy, can assist females in noticing more the assessment of their unmannerly association. Presently, lack of research exists that may help to explain how some female survivors succeed after being through the turmoil of domestic violence while other women struggle with getting out of the relationship (Lerne, 2008). Though numerous examiners are predisposed to explore the undesireable results of forceful associations, a small number have acknowledged how this knowledge might have interested the crucial optimistic alteration or development (Young, 2007). According to Allen Wozniak, (2010) what seems to be missing in the investigation is the sympathetic method of what happens after a person exits an unmannerly association, and in what approach they develop a harmless, non-forceful, and eloquent existence. According to McDonald, (2013) states what is seems to be overlooking is on the outcome of times that has gone by of agression or mistreatment has on other parts of females lives, such as associations, their vision of themself and how they monitor their lives or additional years after parting. (Section 2.1) Women survivors of abusive relationships learning to develop healthy relationships. DV against females is characterized as Intimate partner violence (IPV) which is both a human privileges matter and is an importance of general security concern that (IPV) is the most devastating sort of sexual emphasis based unkindness (Fagan, 2010). The 2013 Global Burden of Disease Study assesses that 30% of women age 15 or over have come across a bodily or sexual (IPV) for the length of their lives (Owusu et al., 2016). The IPV, adds to numerous unfavorable dealings for the sufferer such as despair, disrubtive behavior, feelings that there is nothing to live for especially in females, nervousness, low sense of worth, incapabile to confide in others, especially in persomal associations, fear of intimacy, and signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (Bergen, 1996; Roberts, Klein, and Fisher, 2003). Cognitive Trauma therapy for Battered Women according to Kubany, Hill,Owens,2008) reported that the treatment of (CTTBW) is considered to use for women who have PTSD linked to IVP ,and that are no longer involved with the abuse partner. Survivors of domestic abuse have a history of maltreatment, and are frequently out of touch with their needs that are powerless to express, and are unable to ask for their needs to be met. Existing studies shows that therapists that treat individuals of DV is their duty to confirm that they are empathetic of the abuse dynamic forces and the impression of the long-term negative effects these have on the survivor (Sanderson,2009). Supporting evidence have showed that women who have experienced IPV pull on from different protective resources to develop resilience (Perez et al.,2012). For, instance, among certain womens spirituality has been known as an important protective portion for them who have experienced abuse. Furthermore, Gillette, De la Rosa, (2010). Proposed that positive religious coping has a connection with positive mental health, including greater happiness, quality of liveliness, and psychological well-being Avele at all., 2006; Lee, 2007; Harris et al., 2008). Linley Joseph (2004) reported that resilience studies showed that for some individuals in any which way of ongoing, highly stressful environments, generally those impacted by domestic violence can get into heathy and stable behaviors. Bearing in mind with couples treatment in (IVP) the crucial voices and ends should do with (1) aquiring ideas of positive and agression-free associations (2) evaluating love, compromise, and wedded contentment; (3) learning to develop faith and re-establishing well-being (Stith et al., 2005); and (4) the use of a met discussion, i.e., discussion among the therapists in the direction of the couple (Cooper Vetere, 2005; Stith et al., 2005). Coker et al (2009) suggested that around half of DV get into proper services, mainly crisis hotlines, emergency DV shelters, and community-based programs which offer services from safety planning, counseling, and peer support groups to job search support and housing assistance. Sanders, (2010) reported that once the survivor rejoin they can commence the renew of their lives in the direction they are in control of. Furthermore, as they feel more associated they will begin to start new friendships, increased social support relationships in the knowledge that can set healthy boundaries against future abuse or manipulation. Prior examinations has founded that women fighters of DV have connected resiliency effects that have allowed them to overthrow the undesireable effects of domestic violence. (Vanbreada, 2001; young 2007; Weiner, Wilson 2009). For instance, a few studies have suggested that some associations among defensive influences in the procedure of pliability, such as using treatment will intensify the control to enlarge the social assistance system (Senter Caldwell, 2002; Smith, 2003). (Section 2.2) How do women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing a healthy relationship with a male partner? Define Terms: Women fighters are females who have produced a selection to be conscious from being easy targets. Representatives of individual change who are more in control of their lifetimes (Mercy, 2001). Unmannerly relations (Mercy, Zwi, and Lozano, 2002) defined as heartlessness as they consider explanation behind physical pressure or control, crippled, against oneself, another individual, or against a social affair or gathering, that has a high likelihood of achieving harm, demise, mental harm, maldevelopment or hardship (p. 5). Healthy relationship definitions. Honesty -When a dating companion that lies, it demands time to build that trust in him or her. Honesty builds trust and strengthens the relationship (Debnam, 2014). Respect implies that every individual value who the other is comprehends the other individuals limits (Debnam, 2014). Self-Confidence -When dating partners have trust in themselves, it can support their associations with others. It demonstrates they are quiet and appropriately friendly to permit others to express their beliefs without compelling their own sentiments on them (Debnam, 2014). Section 2.3 The aim of this qualitative research study is to answer the research question: How women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing a healthy relationship with a male partner. Within this study, the research will address how the female fighters who have been in an unmannerly associations explains their occurrences of developing a healthy association with a male companion. By doing so the present study will demonstrate how these adult females will learn how to healthy relationships. As, per Buchlinder Eric, (2005) suggested that mental health professionals are to help women move toward an insightful position regarding the impact of their psychological emotional, verbal abuse in their lifetimes. By empowering women and reinforcing to them that it is not their fault, dismissing the insult, and granting them the tools to help themselves can be part of the answer to this social and wellness issues (Carretta, 2008). Section 2.4 The qualitative research will be given to the phenomenology approach because it was developed in psychology, and it will intend to explore the world live experience of people (Creswell, 2013). The qualitative research is a kind of review to considering an individual familiarity, connections, and conduct patterns. It follows to explain, and translate the style of an individuals conduct, and incentive (Bursztyn, 2016). Consequently, this examination will assume, and define the women survivors of DVs understandings of the inquiries partakers in a detailed setting, and document information from partakers in their own languages (Ponterotto, 2005). Creswell, (2013) reported that phenomenology describes the effect of life experiences for people holding an actual phenomenon or notion. Furthermore, the phenomenology is the scientific study of the presence of things, of phenomena just as researchers examine them in their knowledge, and does not worry itself with issues of fact, but seeks to uncover meanings of the phenomena being considered (Creswell, 2013). The phenomenological study offers the way for people to talk about their experiences in their own terminology (Creswell, 2009; Patton, 2002). The experience from the women survivors of abusive relationships establishing healthy relationships will be discovered from their own spokespeople. The aim of the phenomenological study is to achieve information that provides a point of view on how a collection of individuals undergo the experiences of a phenomena or idea (Creswell, 2009). However, IPA originates from the phenomenological tradition, and the focus of research is therefore on investigating topics or objects as they are represented in and perceived by the participant Iversen, 2012. Smith Osborn, (2003) suggested that the using the descriptive IPA is to examine how individuals make significance of their private realm, and has its phenomenology, hermeneutics, and ideography. Moustakas, (2006) suggested that existed understanding is not something that can be calculated or measured and many instances a phenomenological investigator has curiosity or motives for wanting to study the lived knowledge (Creswell, 2013). Section 3.1 The latest examination will add to the methodical by comprising the female fighters of DVs familiarity to womens feminist theory in that it will shed light on the style in which ladies and men have been associated in the United States (Hunnicutt, 2009). The DV field is the foundation of womens rights, and liberation. The focal example of intermediation was women fighters helping other fighters (Berry, 2002; Wilson, 1997). Melzer, (2002) suggested that the noteworthy idea of feminist theory is to stack the lack of sexual category struggles and its reviews of their knowledges, awareness, and communal gatherings of mature females. The feminists understanding of encouragement of females is as the most effective way to deal with man to woman violence behavior (Forgey, 2006). This present study will add to the scientific information base of addressing and recognizing the familiarities of female survivors who have been in a rude association telling their history of developing healthy relationships by applying empowerment-building models which are suitable and very much needed in the social and behavioral science field intervention with disempowered females who are sufferers and fighters of DV. Section 3.3 The applied insinuations of this research will help with distributions of services, for example research proposes the significance of service delivery upholding its feminist gender-based model, as it creates better results for women (Abrahams Bruns, 1998; Goodman Epstein, 2008; Weisz, 1999; Zweig Burt, 2006, 2007). The stakeholders that will be absorbed in the examination info regarding female fighters who have been in an unmannerly association explain their occurrences of developing healthy associations. studies have shown better results from the feminist gender based model. The feminist gender-based model accepts that battered females are intellectual gifted females who need a harmless place to live while working on refining their condition and gaining from plans offered by their shelter if they choose (Lehrner Allen, 2009). The outcomes from this study will benefit stakeholders by adding to the knowledge base and advance study. The examination outcomes will be suitable for pro gram campaigners, communal essential resources, and politicians to raise funds, and bring awareness for more services. Section 4.1 The phenomenology examines the independencies lived settings, and everyone has their exact practicality; realism is individual (Creswell, 2013). Phenomenology focus on the inner core of experience. Likewise, it seeks individuals who are willing to express feelings, and experiences (Creswell,2013). The phenomenological style is positioned in a model of individual learning and bias, and focus the individual point of view, and interpretation (VanScoy, 2015). The phenomenology approach agrees for analyzing information in an investigation of women who been in an abusive relationship describing their experiences in growing sound relationships. As per Wertz, (2005) recommended that the phenomenological attitude needs to be empathic as such the researcher strives to give his or her own world behind and join through the written description, into the situations of the participants. Van Scoy, (2015) further proposed that IPA provides an additional approach to research wanting to implement a phenomenological approach. It is like other phenomenological approach in its basic point on understanding experiences from the members view. Though, its sole focus is on the individuals experiences of a phenomenon The IPA continue from a purposive homogeneous model and is the most common data collection technique using semi-structured interview Smith, (2016). The key system used in this study to collect data in IPA studies is semi-structured consultations (Smith et al., 2009, p. 56). Brocki and Wearden (2006) proposed that some disimiliar tactics are infrequently used, for instance, journals, field notes, and email consultations (pp. 92-94); in any case, the distinctive greater part of IPA research depend on data from in-person consultations. The choice to use the semi-organized consultation as the only foundation of information for the assessment mirrors (IPAs) value of the members conversion of the occurrence under review. As Smith, et al. (2009) clarified, members ought to have been allowed a chance to recount their stories, to talk openly and brilliantly, and to build up their thoughts and express their worries at some length (p. 5). IPA consultations emphasize on a preparation of specific reviews yet to take into thought flexibility in adopting up on answers mentioned in reactions to the given inquiries. Smith et al. (2009) prepared six to ten open-finished questions that include a variety of sorts: account, illustrative, basic, differentiate, evaluative, round, and similar (p. 58). How women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing healthy relationship Characteristics: The larger population from which the sample will be drawn are from women from different cultural backgrounds . The area where this research will take place is in the Bronx, New York. The sample for this study will be selected from the population of diverse ages females coming from different backgrounds ages 27-60 who identify as survivors of domestic violence. The phenomenological sampling works well when the individual studied represents people who have perceived with the same phenomenon (Creswell, 2013, page 155). The sampling design: The testing strategy utilize will be nonprobability sampling. Non-probability practices any sampling technique which the chance of a person being chosen into the sample that is unknown (Creswell, 2013). The sampling strategy utilize will be nonprobability sampling, and the performance is purposive. As such this sampling has a purpose in mind in that there is something close to the possibility participations you want to know about (Creswell, 2013). This design is of useS for this research since it entails an understanding to the process of women healing after being in an abusive relationship. Likewise, the purposive sampling tactics are well-thought-out to increase the apprehension of the chosen individuals or group experiences and the role of advancing their thoughts, and ideas (Creswell, 2013). Population is women ages between 27 to 60. Inclusion criteria Females ages from 30 to 60 years old. Gender diversity Exclusion Criteria Potential participants that have been in healthy relationship for at least 4 years prior to the research.Has been diagnosed with a mental health issue. Section 4.3 Creswell, (2015) highlighted that one must first get approval from university or college institutional as well as individuals at the research site. Then the study will be within groups participating in therapy for (DV) and through social media advertising to women in healthy relationships, with the approval and permission of the administration staff and on a voluntary basis. Legerski Bunnell, (2010) noted that confidentiality plays a major part in protecting individuals in the research procedure. Informed consent written will converse confidentially about the research, and the protection of the research participants. All interview data collected will be coded statistically, and no names will be recorded to protect confidentiality. Research electronic data will be stored on a translated drive and any paper documents will be secured in a locked file cabinet at the researchers site. The data will be saved for several years. The drive will be destroyed, and the paper documents will be shredded. Moreover, making sure all the participants are protected throughout this inquiry. The Belmont Report will be adhering to protect all the participants by using the following ethical principles e, (a) respect for persons, (b) beneficence, and (c) justice. Respect for persons requires recognition that people are autonomous agents and that those who may have reduced autonomy must be protected. Beneficence requires that researchers do no harm, while make the most of the possible benefits and minimizing possible harms. The rule of justice indicates that people should be treated equally (Goodie, 2013). The following description will be talking about protecting the research participants involve in this arena as a necessity to ensure every one of the members in this study will be ensured by applying the moral standards as per the (Economic and Social Research Council rules 2006). Protecting human participants with informed consent at the start of the research, therefore, all the participants involved will be handed to them an inform consent that will talk about confidentiality before the inquiry commences. Also, participants are told the conditions they will encounter, and are given the freedom to accept or decline participation (IIgen, 2001). Therefore, the informedconsent process will be handmade to address each individual need in the research, and differences to help ensure thSat they are protected Sas well as the researcher in this study. Lastly from the beginning of the study researchers at no time when collecting consent forms for this study should leave. Likewise, researcher should not force participants to sign the inform consent (Creswell, 2014). Section.5.1 First, the research staff will need to assemble a team to create an outreach support social media site such as Facebook, and or twitter where they can connect with our staff. The research team can also create pamphlets flyers with the researchers contact information as well as a schedule of conference call or Skype times to be placed at local hospitals, clinics, librarys adult section, and school offices. Second, once the researcher establishes a clientele list the researcher should negotiate a local location where the researcher can meet with individuals for a face to face setting where the researcher will give the client the proper materials to sign advising the information given may be subjected to research teams for further use in studies. Once the researcher gets approval from the administrator of the social media site, and manager of the location that they will use for one on one interview the researcher should submit those letters of approval to Capella for review. Creswell, (2015), states that qualitative research involves the work of a research site (s), and gaining permission to read the site in a manner that will enable the easy accumulation of data. Recruitment: Recruitment will be done by phone contact from individuals responding to flyers that were distributed, and from repliers on the social media websites. Flyers would have already been distributed; social websites would have already been created, and left open for anyone to join if they met the criteria. Also, the location to be used for interviews should be added to all distribution whether by flyer or social media sites. Once participants reach out to our researchers screening process will begin. Screening questions: Are you between ages 27 60 Have you been in a stable relationship within the last 4 years Potential participants can contact the researcher by phone or email. This information is listed on all recruitment documents. The researcher will collect the name, phone number and email addresses of the potential research participants when they respond to flyer or any social media site discussed above. (Section 5.2) Steps to obtain data information collected will lead off by setting up a scheduled one on one consultation either in the office, and or in a local group therapy office to gather the necessary information to begin the research study. The researcher will contact the potential participants by phone or email the contact information they provided to schedule the interview and discuss interview details. In the meantime, when all the participants have been screened interview scheduling will get going for those who fulfill the prerequisites. Prior to accumulating the necessary information, a signed consent form should be reviewed then signed by the participant with the clear understanding that all the information collected may, and will be reviewed by other qualified members or professionals to help resolve any participants issues. The participants will then be given the location of the interview. Each participant will be interviewed separately, so that secrecy can be maintained. One hour semi-structured interviews will be scheduled. (Section 5.3) How women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing healthy relationship Gathering these descriptions can be worked in several ways, of which face-to-face interviews are the most common. The face to face interview will be taken place local therapy officewith permission of the IRB, and the administrative staff . The rationality behind these questions is to try to get the individual to try to explain their feelings of overcoming their past experiences to help them cope, and allow them to move on with their lives and the hope of beginning new and successful relationships. Do you think it would be difficult to start a new relationship after having been in an abusive relationship? In what ways? Rational- To get a better understanding how she is dealing with her trust issues. Since your last relationship, how would you describe any difficulties you have had in trying to begin a new relationship ? Rational- What has gone well. Can you describe what is like when you interact with a male in a social environment who interest you? Rational- The rationale behind this question if she is ready to establish a solid relationship. Describe for me the process youve experienced in building a new relationship with a male after dealing with all the emotional, verbal, and or physical abused you endured in a previous relationship? Rational The rationale behind this question to understand is trust is a major issue. What would be the warning signs, and what steps would you take if you ever found yourself in an abusive relationship again? Rational- To be able to understand if she has evaluated how she wants things to be different in her life, and if she has awareness of how an abusive relationship may begin in small ways. How would you describe a healthy relationship you feel you now have, or would hope to have in the future? Rationale: To be able to recognize if she is aware of the signs of being in a healthy relationship. (Section.5.4) The qualitative research step by step guide to data analysis. Creswell, (2013) highlighted that the data is sensitive of the qualitative analysis, and are generated by interviews as the participants talk about and think along the phenomenon from their subjective views. Wertz, F.J. (2005) endorsed that the phenomenological analysis starts by focusing on the situations preceding to trying general knowledge. This researcher will utilize as per Smith, Osborn, (2007) a step by step approach sketched of the (IPA) in this study. First, during the interview the researcher will be asked questions, listening, and recording the research participant. The following step by step by (Smith, Osborn 2007). First the (IPA) phenomenological researcher can listen and transcribe verbal descriptions and interviews. Read the complete transcription to understand the general the process Continue to read the transcription using the left margin to the note any interesting or noteworthy things the co-researcher alleged Read again the transcription again, using the right margin to begin to organize evolving themes Join the themes by looking at links between them; gathering on a separate sheet. Associate on bunching the original transcript to guarantee correct wording Generate grouped themes to create superordinate themes and link in key words and page numbers of transcripts. Overall finish the same process with all transcriptions of co-researchers. One could notify other transcripts of the superordinate list from the first transcript. Finally generate column of superordinate themes. Researcher then arranges and reduces data to focus on themes. Lastly, translate themes into a narrative write up; explaining and showing them by quotations. (Section 5.5) This scholar has not had any previous data collection or research experience, but has learned about research through the research courses for the masters course of study human behavior. As such the qualitative phenomenological method, will be studied to develop skills as a qualitative researcher. This scholar has not had any previous data collection or research experience, but has learned about research through the research courses for the masters course of study human behavior. As such the qualitative phenomenological method, will be studied to develop skills as a qualitative researcher. In the past I have discussed the issues of domestic violence with friends who have experienced this problem in their own relationships, in some situations, I have noticed that certain instances have been rather serious, and I had to recommend that they sought out legal services to help to rectify their problems. In my own personal life during my teen years I have been known to choose the wrong type of male to become associated with. In my opinion I felt like that was due to not having a father figure in my life to guide me when i

World War II and American Racism Essay examples -- American History Ja

World War II and American Racism The United States was a divided nation at the time of World War II. Divided by race and racism. This Division had been much greater in the past with the institution of slavery. As the years went by the those beliefs did deteriorate slowly, but they were still present during the years of World War II. This division was lived out in two forms, legislation and social behavior. The legislation came in the form of the â€Å"Jim Crow† laws. The belief that some people were naturally superior and others inferior, scientific racism, was the accepted belief of the time These cultural traits were waning. After World War II ended they would decline even more rapidly. In the early days of World War II the everyday people of this country already sensed the great change to come. Interviews taken from the Library of Congress, in the collection labeled â€Å"After the Day of Infamy,† offer a window into the past. Into the America that existed in the early days after the attack on Pearl Harbor and the U.S. entrance into the war. Inside the collection, the pulse of the nation is revealed. Ordinary people, some of whom do not reveal their names, are given a chance to record their opinion of the war, the Japanese people, and the race relations within the union. In these open letters to the president and the â€Å"Man on the Street† interviews, the American public reveals their prejudices and their concerns in the most candid of fashion. American society, like that of Germany, was tainted with racial bigotry and prejudice. The Japanese were thought of as especially treacherous people for the attack on Pearl Harbor. The treachery was obviously thought to reside in ... ... it legal for non-white immigrant to become naturalized citizens. Many of those Japanese born immigrants who were held in concentration camps could now apply for citizenship status. It would take many years for African-Americans to acquire the freedoms that they had fought for over seas. Those efforts were accelerated by the war and the prosperity that it brought. Eventually Jim Crow would fall in the south and African-Americans would take their struggle to every part of the nation. It was never an over night sensation. The civil rights movement was one long continuous effort that occurred before and after World War II. The process has been a long one and still continues. [1] After the Day of Infamy: â€Å"Man on the Street† Interviews Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor, U.S. Library of Congress, American Folk Life Center

Chinas Reformation Essay -- History, Chinese Communist Party

In most works of art, the tone, costumes, and setting can largely influence the mood of the story. A deep examination of the mentioned attributes can possibly reveal latent messages and intents of the artists. This is evident in both Lao She’s Teahouse and China’s The Founding of a Republic. The Founding of a Republic was funded and produced by Chinese government as a celebration of the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China; as a result, it widely regarded as propaganda. Lao’s Teahouse, however, was written about the Chinese revolution from a common man’s perspective. These differences in the interpretation of the Chinese revolution, along with the intent of the presentations, reveal the creators’ underlying political messages. When The Founding of a Republic was released by the Chinese government in 2009, it was dismissed, often prematurely, as communist propaganda. While biased interpretations of the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) are somewhat explicit through-out the film, the historical events shown are accurate. However, the events portrayed are primarily the malicious acts of the Nationalists, ignoring many of the equally heinous acts of the Communists. An example would be the assassination of 13 Communist party members. While this educates the audience of some of the tragic events of the Chinese Civil War, the communists are clearly portrayed as the virtuous heroes. The presentation of the characters in The Founding of a Republic gives another look into the Government’s hidden messages. The Nationalists are often shown with a negative connotation. The officials are shown wearing black or very dark outfits and are commonly surrounded by armed soldiers. The KMT scene... ...and even girls for money and to invoke fear (63). The government also seized virtually any property they wanted by claiming it was â€Å"traitor’s property† (74). Evidently the Teahouse paints a much darker picture of the Chinese Revolution. It offers a common man’s perspective to the economic decline and increased corruption that sometimes went unnoticed in the elite’s eyes. The Founding of a Republic told a much different view of the reform movement from the Communist elite’s eyes. The chosen portrayal of a benevolent CCP and malicious KMT is largely biased, although most of the events are historically accurate. The film can be categorized as Chinese Communist propaganda, but a deeper meaning can be observed also. Examining and comparing both works of art and their viewpoint of the revolution can offer a good look as to the creators’ intent and political message.

Mass Media and Economic Development Essay

Mass media has always been one of the pillars of modern society. With its wide range and base, it is indubitably, the most effective and efficient way of mass information dissemination. Yet, instead of mass media being a primary tool for education, it is mostly being used as a medium for entertainment; to show bland, superficial products with little, or no educational value. So, attempting to connect mass media with economic development would seem as disjoint as climate change and my inability to make good analogies. Surprisingly, this is what the last speaker, from ‘The Public Sphere’ talked about. The forum cites economic literacy as the main contribution that mass media can make to economic development. Defining economic literacy as ‘the ability to identify, analyze and evaluate the consequences of individual decisions and public policy,’ the speaker, Mr. Omar Dumdum of NEDA, goes in to explain the ineffectiveness of economic education in secondary school; therefore, mass media should take the primary responsibility of promulgating economic literacy, to promote economic development. This can be done, according to Mr. Dumdum, through better economic news writing and reporting, making economic news understandable for the general population, and information dissemination campaigns. There will be some difficulties encountered, of course, as Economics is wrought with technical terms that cannot be easily simplified, but, if information campaigns are done in tandem with better reporting, results can be achieved. Personally, I do think it is possible and feasible. Being someone who believes in the power of mass media to reform society, I think mass media could enhance the net economic literacy of the Philippines, which would, hopefully, increase Filipino participation in crucial economic activities, resulting in inclusive economic development. But of course, mass media has internal flaws that prevent this from happening. For one, it bears the inability to make economic news/information exciting, or even understandable. If not for my privileged secondary and tertiary education, I would not know anything about our country’s economic status, as I regularly skip the Business section of the papers, because it is simply boring. Economic reporting tends to be too technical, or elitist, so much so, that for the average Filipino citizen believes that the economic opinion of his/her neighborhood barber is more valid and believable compared to the TV guy in a suit. I am not dismissing the opinion of Manong Barber as incorrect or irrelevant (he might be an economist, who knows), but this points out the preference of Filipinos to opinion-based economic information, over rigorous, empirical economic reporting. And, so I have mentioned, we Filipinos are not entirely at fault. We cannot be blamed for giving more importance to comprehensible information than jargonic ‘gibberish.’ Also considering the fact that public opinion greatly influences economic policies in our country (i.e. sin tax bill), this, all the more makes the media’s role in promoting economic development crucial. I do agree with Mr. Dumdum’s proposed approach of information campaigns being conducted simultaneously with better news reporting, because better enws reporting alone would not fulfill the expected impact of mass media in the economic literacy of our society. In conclusion, I think that the mass media, is indeed, an important element in aiding the development of a Philippines as a globally competitive economy. It is not enough, however to merely educate people about the Economics and the economic condition of our country at present. Public policies, political will, exhaustive analyses and correct decisions are also parts of the solution to the enigma that is Philippine development. And, in these, mass media can only contribute so much; mass media cannot improve the Philippine economy alone.

Feasibility Study Makeup

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Makeup is hugely versatile, not only in terms of colors and products, but also in terms of how it is worn. While some wear make-up to create a large and dramatic appearance, others will wear make-up more subtly. Make-up can be worn in a wide variety of situations, ranging from work, events, nights out, and even just round the house if you so desire. As a result of such diversity, the make-up industry is massive, meaning that everybody should be able to find products that they would want to wear and be seen sporting.The use of cosmetics is not latest trend, it has its roots deep within the annals of history, the cosmetic industry, which started glowing in the early 1990s, is expanding exponentially. With more women and men becoming conscious and willing to spend on their appearance, this industry has been growing at 20-25 percent the last few years. Not only have more people started using cosmetics, they are also willing to pay more to look and fe el good.The penetration rate is becoming higher than expected, this not only means that consumers are willing to spend extra bit to look and feel good, but also indicates that constant up gradation from mass to premium products. The increase of media exposure, the willingness to spend more on personal care, consciousness about looks and advertisements and promoting targeting various consumer segments are some reasons for their trends in consumption and penetration.In a place like Cabanatuan City where a lot of institutions such as schools, hospitals, parlors and business establishments are located, there is a high possibility that the business will be successful or profitable because of the greater number of employees who visits and go to the location of the business to buy this kind of product. ? Statement of the Problem This study aimed at determining the feasibility and viability of establishing â€Å"Make Up Hub† business in N. E. Pacific Mall, Cabanatuan City. It sought answers to the following questions: 1.What marketing strategies could be taken into consideration to ensure the success of the proposed business? Who will be its target market? 2. What technical requirements should the management implement in order to make the business more competitive? 3. What form of organizational set up could be best adopted to put up such project? What are the qualifications of its personnel? 4. How much capital is needed to finance the business? Who are the sources of funds? 5. What are the potential problems that might be encountered by the business?What are the possible solutions of those problems? 6. What are the socio – economic benefits that can be derived from this proposed business? ? Significance of the Study The result of this study will be beneficial to the following: The Researchers. This study will serve as a basis for developing new opportunities for the future. It will provide them with useful insights in the various aspects of the project feasibility study. The Future Researchers. The information will be useful as a tool or as a reference material in doing similar study in the future. The Potential Investors.To those who would like to engage in this business, this study will serve as a guide for they since it will provide them concrete guidelines on how to start a business. The Government. This study intended to sell products that will definitely give an increase on growth of our economic structure. If pushed through with this project, it would generate income and employment to the city of Cabanatuan. ? Scope and Limitation of the Study This study focuses on the viability of establishing a Make Up Hub at NE Pacific Mall Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija. The proposed business is concerned in selling most up-to-date make-up styles and trends.The product will depend on the quality, design and cost-efficiency. It includes an evaluation of the project in terms of different aspects of business: The marketing, technical, manag ement and financial aspects. Definition of Terms Some terms are hereby defined by the researchers for better understanding of the research study. Blemish. It is a mark or imperfection that spoils the appearance of something. Blemish Remover. It is a cream that hides skin blemishes to make it look flawless. Blusher. It is a Makeup used on the face and especially on the cheekbones to give a usually rosy tint.Concealer. It is a facial cosmetic used to cover blemished skin. Cosmetics. This is a powder, lotion, lipstick, rouge, or other preparation for beautifying the face, skin, hair, nails, etc. Eye Shadow. It is a cosmetic available in various colors or tints and applied especially to the eyelids to enhance the eyes. Eye Shadow Base. This is also known as an eye shadow primer, it is type of cosmetic product that is applied to the eyelids before eye shadow. Eyebrow Pencils. It is makeup provided by a cosmetic pencil that is used to darken the eyebrows. Foundation.This is a type of make up which is spread over the skin of the face, usually before other makeup is put on, giving it a better and more even color and hiding unwanted marks. Hub. It is a center of activity or interest or business. Lip Gloss. This is a type of cosmetic product applied to the lips to make them appear shinier and smoother. Lip Pencil. It is a type of colored pencil hat many people use for lining the border of their lips when applying makeup. It is typically put on before lipstick and may make it easier for some people to apply their lipstick evenly.Lipstick. This is a waxy solid usually colored cosmetic in stick form for the lips. Makeup. It is a facial cosmetic as an eye shadow or lipstick. Mascara. It is a type of cosmetic applied to the eyelashes. It serves to thicken and define the eyelashes and may also color, lengthen, or curl them, depending upon the type. It’s usually sold as a liquid cosmetic in a tube and applied with a round brush called a wand. Moisturizers. It is a comple x mixtures of chemical agents specially designed to make the external layers of the skin to make it softer and smooth. Primer.It is a cream or lotion applied before another cosmetic to improve coverage and lengthen the amount of time the cosmetic lasts on the face. Unguent. It is a salve for soothing or healing; an ointment, lotion, cream or balm. Vanity. It is inflated pride in oneself or one's appearance: conceit, such as a vain person. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter presents some literature and studies which are relevant to the present and provided the researchers some insight that helped in accomplishing this study. Foreign Literature The origin of make-up dates back to 3100 BC, during the 1st Egyptian Dynasty.Unguent, a substance used to prevent the skin from drying up due to heat and to avoid wrinkles, was extensively used by people of both genders during that era. The women of Egypt were known to apply kohl to their eyes to give them a smoky look. Antimony or soot was usually used to make kohl. The use of cosmetics and make up was found among Romans also. They grew popular approximately around the middle of 1st century AD. Kohl was now used by Romans too. The cheeks were decorated with rouge. You would be amazed to know that people used to take good care of their teeth along with their skin.For cleaning teeth, Romans used pumice. Henna dyes were used by Persian women for darkening their hair. Pale skin became very popular during the European time. A lot of women used harmful substances to achieve a pale look, which in turn spoiled their skin to a large extent. During the Renaissance period of Italy, women started using lead paint in order to lighten their skin, which in fact proved damaging. Due to the damaging effect, makeup was criticized during the time of Elizabeth I. Cosmetics came to be seen as a threat and people started avoiding them.Except for prostitutes who donned themselves with heavy makeup, people usually shied away from it. The French loved to adorn their lips with red lipsticks, and wore rouge on their cheeks. Though earlier it was repulsed by other countries, eventually it trickled down to other parts of the world also. A lot of people started using herbal products to make cosmetics and makeup. Herbs, flower extracts, vegetable extracts, strawberries, brandy, spring water etc were widely used. Unfortunately pale complexion was still considered royal and so the efforts of most women were directed towards achieving skin lightness.The use of whiteners and blemish removers proved fatal at times. One of the most lethal products was white lead, which not only caused harm to the skin cells but also led to hair loss and stomach problems. The irony is that, in spite of knowing the harm they are causing to their body, women continued using dangerous cosmetics like white lead for the face, belladonna for the eyes, and even mercury and nitric acid. Shockingly enough, coal tar was used to dye hair. Even today a lot of people use harmful cosmetics, though thankfully the focus is shifting towards safer products. Foreign Study (Kim Carollo)According to Kim Carollo in Oct. 4, 2011 in his study entitled: â€Å"Makeup Makes Women Seem More Competent†, wearing makeup has a significant impact on how people perceive women, making women seem more attractive, competent, likable and trustworthy, according to new research published this week. Researchers at Procter & Gamble, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston University and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute showed study participants photos of women either wearing no makeup or wearing one of three different cosmetic looks – natural, professional or glamorous.In the first study, subjects were first shown images of women, who were of different ages and ethnicities, for 250 milliseconds. In a second study, a different set of study subjects looked at the same photos for an unlimited amount of time so they could carefully inspect each face. Study participants then rated the women in terms of competence, likability, attractiveness and trustworthiness. â€Å"We found that when faces were shown very quickly, all ratings went up with cosmetics in all different looks,† said Nancy Etcoff, lead author and associate researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital. The women were judged as more competent, likable, attractive and trustworthy. † But when subjects had the chance to examine photos for a longer period of time, the same perceptions didn't carry over. â€Å"When they got to the more dramatic makeup looks, people saw them as equally likable and much more attractive and competent, but less trustworthy,† Etcoff said. â€Å"Dramatic makeup was no longer an advantage compared to when people saw the photos very quickly. † Etcoff said the study findings should serve as a message to women that cosmetics could have an impact on how people perceive them in ways beyond physical attractiveness. In situations where a perceiver is under a high cognitive load or under time pressure, he or she is more likely to rely on such automatic judgments for decision-making,† the authors wrote. â€Å"Facial images appear on ballots, job applications, web sites and dating sites. † Local Literature First, makeup serves to enhance what’s already there. I never cease to be amazed at how just the littlest amount of mascara (one of the two items I am never without, the other being lip balm) make my eyes stand out just a tad bit better, or how a swirl or two of blush makes me look more awake and alive even after a late night out.Makeup takes what Mother Nature gave you and works with it so that you look like a better, more polished version of yourself. Second, makeup is one of the many ways by which I can express myself. At work, my looks tend to be more sedate, although I do a smoky eye every now and then just to liven things up a bit. Howeve r, when I go out with family and friends, I tend to favor more colorful combinations (purple and plum shadows with teal eyeliner, you get the picture).And while we’re on the topic of self-expression, I might as well say that I have a lot of respect for those artists and enthusiasts who are able to come up with avant grade looks (i. e. makeup that you wouldn’t really wear to work or any other real-life situation, unless you’re a runway model). Makeup is an art form, after all, with creativity and imagination setting the limits. Third, you can work with as few or as many products as you desire or feel comfortable with. Sometimes when I do makeup on myself or on other people, I find that I will use four or five eye shadows to achieve the effect I want (and that’s just the eyes).However, if for you a made-up face consists of using only concealer, powder, and lipstick, that’s fine, too. If there’s one thing I’ve realized over the years, it ’s that there is no fixed rule on the number of products you â€Å"need†. Magazines and websites can go on and on about how a product like, let’s say eyeliner, is essential to anyone’s arsenal. But if you know that you’re not going to use it, why buy yourself a tube? In the end, it’s about using products that work for you and your lifestyle. It’s about creating a look for yourself that makes your day just that wee bit brighter, your stride a bit more confident.Local Study (codenameaya) Giveaway: Make your skin care wish come true with HBC by codenameaya posted July 2, 2012. Why do you wear makeup? Well, let me tell you why I do. I believe that makeup can do wonders. Wearing makeup makes me feel better about myself. It's my confidence-booster. Call me vain but of course I want to look good in front of other people, and makeup can help me achieve just that. Now the next question that arises is this: Why is there a need for me to wear ma keup? My skin is far from perfect.I have already told you my skin history when I posted about my *skin care routine* (which needs updating, btw) before. I had a lot of pimples during my late elementary and early high school days, and that made me feel really insecure about my face. Then after what felt like forever, thanks to the different products I used, the pimples started disappearing and my face started clearing up. Now, these are some of my main skin concerns: uneven skin tone, oiliness, redness esp. around the nose area, blemishes here and there. This is why I like to wear makeup. It temporarily addresses my skin concerns.Emphasis on temporarily, i've come to realize that although makeup does well in concealing my imperfections, I still should not forget to take care of my skin. I should be doing something to keep my skin clear and healthy and not just be covering it up with thick layers of foundation all the time. I can't just wear makeup every time, you know. Sino ba naman ang hindi gusto ng super gandang skin, na parang naka-makeup ka na kahit wala ka namin makeup? There are now so many products out there that can help us take better care of our skin. We just need to be careful in choosing which ones to use.We first have to know what we need to fix for us to know how to fix it. Justification of the Study The researchers worked hard to search for any available material to support and establish the foundation of this study. This proposed study entitled â€Å"Make Up Hub† business in N. E. Pacific Mall, Cabanatuan City is an original work of the present researchers and is considered to be the first study of its kind conducted in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija. According to the data gathered by the researchers, no similar study was found available. Therefore, the researchers concluded that this study as an original one. CHAPTER IIIRESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the research methodology, used by the researchers, the procedure in gathering data as well as the sources where the data and information were taken from. Method of Research Used The researchers utilized descriptive method in this study. It is a fact finding with adequate interpretation. Gay (1976) defines the descriptive research as involving collection of data in order to test or to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject of the study. Research Locale The researchers will conduct their feasibility study in NE Pacific Mall, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija.Data Gathering Procedures The researchers used the following technique to ensure the reliability of facts as presented in this study: Documentary Analysis. Is a social research method and is an important research tool in its own right and is an invaluable part of most schemes of triangulation Observation. The researchers used this method to observe the location site of the proposed study, visited some of the business establishments and tried to observe the characteristics of the target ma rket. Interview. It will provide the researchers the necessary facts needed in the pursuit in the search of the project under study.Proponents will be able to gather information regarding in the establishment of the proposed business by conducting interviews in a more or less informal conversation so as not to intimidate the interviewee. Survey. The researchers asked people about existing prices, conditions and processes. They performed market survey to find out the kind of makeup people buy. It helps in determining factors that affect the buying habit of the buyer as well as pricing of the product. Statistical Treatment of data Sampling Technique. The researchers used Slovene’s formula and convenience sampling.Convenience sampling is used in explanatory research where the researcher is interested in getting an inexpensive approximation of the truth. Formula: N = N 1+Ne2 Where: n = is the sample size N = is the total population E = is the margin of error Financial Treatment o f Data In determining the feasibility and viability of the proposed business, various tools will be adapted. 1. Payback Period This is the length of time required by the project to return the initial cost of investment. It emphasizes managements concern with liquidity and the need to minimize risks through a rapid recovery of the initial investment. Formula:Payback Period = ____Net Investment_____ Ave. Annual Cash Flow 2. Return on Assets It is a useful tool for monitoring both the result of operation and efficiency of asset management. ROI is probably the most common measure used to evaluate the performance. Formula: Return on Investment = ___Net Income___ Total Assets 3. Net Present Value It represents the ratio of the net income over the initial investment of the proposed project. It will be used to determine how much returns would be generated by the investments of the owner of the project based on net profits. Formula: ARR = Average Annual Net Income x100% Investment